Special Characters

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The following characters play a special role in LaTeX and are called “special printing characters”, or simply “special characters”.

               # $ % & ~ _ ^ \ { } 

Whenever you put one of these special characters into your file, you are doing something special. If you simply want the character to be printed just as any other letter, include a \ in front of the character. For example, \$ will produce $ in your output.

The exception to the rule is the \ itself because \\ has its own special meaning. A \ is produced by typing $\backslash$ in your file.

Also, \~ means `place a tilde accent over the following letter’, so you will probably want to use \verb instead.

In addition, you can access any character of a font once you know its number by using the \symbol command. For example, the character used for displaying spaces in the \verb* command has the code decimal 32, so it can be typed as \symbol{32}.

You can also specify octal numbers with ‘ or hexadecimal numbers with “, so the previous example could also be written as \symbol{’40} or \symbol{”20}.

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